User side load response method based on adjustment and control on temperature of load clusters

ABSTRACT

Provided is a user side load response method based on adjustment and control on temperature of load clusters. The user side load response method includes: performing thermodynamic modeling on a temperature control load to obtain a temperature control model in direct load control; constructing a mapping quantity to describe the change state of a temperature control load relay switch; obtaining adjustable capacity of the temperature control load through the mapping quantity; introducing temperature control load clusters to solve the problem that control precision cannot satisfy condition requirements; and finally calculating the influence of each load cluster in different load cluster control schemes on comfort degree.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application No.201811604378.7 filed on Dec. 26, 2018, disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of adjustment andcontrol on a user side load, and particularly to a user side loadresponse method based on adjustment and control on temperature of loadclusters.

BACKGROUND

In recent years, Chinese power grid adjustment merely occurs atelectricity generation side, and when the electricity generation sideadjustment is developed to be mature, trade monopoly is formed. Sincemerely the electricity generation side adjustment exists, the price ofpower grid adjustment is determined by the electricity generation side,which seriously influences the economy of the power grid.

In another aspect, due to rapid development of new energy resources anda peak load of electric power, the dispatching and operating difficultyof the power grid is increased, so that a new great challenge is putforward for the adjustment capacity of a power system. The ratio of newloads having bidirectional interaction capability with the power gridand having double features of sources and loads, such as electricautomobiles and water storage power stations is continuously increased.Meanwhile, a part of traditional loads can also adjust their electricityconsumption requirements according to excitation or electricity price,so that the rapid adjustment response capability of a user side load onthe power grid is formed. User side controllable loads mainly include anindustrial controllable load, a commercial controllable load and aresident controllable load. Where most of the controllable loads aretemperature control loads, such as air conditioners, refrigerators andheaters. The temperature control loads refer to load devices which canconvert electric energy into heat energy in a certain proportion andstore the heat energy through one or more energy storage media and whichcan achieve conversion of electricity energy and heat energy throughmeans of temperature adjustment and the like. The temperature controlloads can perform energy storage within several minutes and even severalhours. Compared with electricity generation side resources, the residentloads are dispersed and can provide a rapid response within severalminutes and even within a shorter time to make up the power vacancy of asystem, thereby improving the voltage stability of the system.

For scholars at home and abroad, their attention is drawn to the changesof load characteristics of a user side virtual power station. Load sidepower grid adjustment becomes a research hotspot, which not only fullyutilizes the load characteristics, but also breaks through the monopolyform of power grid adjustment on the electricity generation side,thereby facilitating the formation of a power grid bidding mechanism,facilitating quick maintenance of stability of the power grid andfacilitating the healthy development of the power grid.

Research indicates that the requirement response rate of power terminaldevices such as air conditioners and illumination devices can reach aminute level and even a second level. The probability that a largenumber of power terminal devices in the temperature control load refusesoperation at the same time is very low, and the reliability of anauxiliary service provided by a temperature control load response isusually higher than that provided by a traditional generating set.Therefore, the resident load as a requirement response has greatdevelopment space in actively participating in and responding to powergrid adjustment.

A control method of the temperature control load mainly includes directload control (DLC). However, in the DLC, a dispatchable capacity of theload is calculated by using a temperature setting value of thetemperature control load as a definite value without considering dynamicchanges of the temperature setting value. In recent research, thedynamic changes of the temperature setting value are considered, whichare mainly based on load group control in which time is uniformlydistributed by a single temperature control load device or a device ofthe same model. For the load group control, uncertainty of the totalnumber of the loads and the parameters bring difficulty on precisecalculation of a computer. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward amethod for calculating the dispatching capacity of a load through thecomputer while considering the dynamic changes of the temperaturesetting of the temperature control load in the field.

SUMMARY

In order to overcome defects in a related art, the present disclosureprovides a user side load response method based on adjustment andcontrol on temperature of load clusters, so as to solve the problem thatthe response precision is low because a temperature control loadadjustment method is low in adjustment precision and a traditional loadresponse method cannot deal with different temperature controlprecisions on load individuals.

In order to achieve the above objective, a first aspect of the presentdisclosure adopts the following technical solution.

A user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters includes:

receiving a dispatching command sent from a dispatching center at a timepoint t, wherein the dispatching command is an expected dispatchablecapacity D_(ref)(t) at the time point t;

performing calculation to obtain an actual dispatchable capacity D(t) ofa temperature control load at the time point t;

obtaining a controlled temperature setting value θ_(ref) correspondingto the expected dispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t), and obtaining ato-be-controlled temperature value θ_(t) ⁻ corresponding to the actualdispatchable capacity D(t);

calculating a temperature change quantity u(t) of the temperaturecontrol load at the time point t through θ_(ref)−θ_(t) ⁻ ; and

dividing a temperature control load group that participates inadjustment and control into a plurality of temperature control loadclusters, and performing calculation to obtain a temperature changequantity u_(i)(t) of each of the plurality of temperature control loadclusters according to the temperature change quantity u(t).

In above method, the dividing the temperature control load group thatparticipates in adjustment and control into the plurality of temperaturecontrol load clusters specifically includes:

dividing the temperature control load group into the plurality oftemperature control load clusters according to types of temperaturecontrol loads.

In above method, the performing calculation to obtain a temperaturechange quantity u_(i)(t) of each of the plurality of temperature controlload clusters according to the temperature change quantity u(t)includes:

${u_{i}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} > {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}} \\{{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} + {\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} \leq {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}}\end{matrix}.} \right.$

Where floor[⋅] is a function which takes an integer value of [⋅], mod(⋅)represents a remainder of u(t)/Δu′, l represents a serial number of oneof load clusters, L represents a number of the load clusters, and Δu′represents a temperature adjustment precision of the temperature controlloads.

Switching-on powers of all the temperature control loads are the same,and the performing calculation to obtain the actual dispatchablecapacity D(t) of the temperature control load at the time point tincludes:

${D(t)} \approx {\frac{1}{6} + {\frac{1}{6}{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(1)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}} + {\frac{1}{2} \times {\sum\limits_{j = 2}^{\infty}\;{\left( {- 1} \right)^{j + 1}{{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(j)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}.}}}}}$

Where output power P and equivalent thermal resistances R of all thetemperature control loads are the same, an equivalent thermal capacity Cfollows logarithmic normal distribution and has In(C)˜N(μ_(C),σ_(C)),wherein erf[⋅] is a gauss error function, μ_(x)(t) is an average valueof a change state mapping quantity x_(i)(t) of a temperature controlload relay switch at time point t, σ_(ref) is a ratio of a variance to amathematical expectation and has

$\sigma_{ref} = {\frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}}.}$Wherein μ_(C) is a mathematical expectation of capacitance distribution,σ_(C) represents a variance of the capacitance distribution, μ_(x)(0) isan average value of a change state mapping quantity x_(i)(0) of thetemperature control load relay switch at an initial time, and μ_(v)represents a mathematical expectation of a temperature change speed, andj is a positive integer.

The performing calculation to obtain the actual dispatchable capacityD(t) of the temperature control load at the time point t includes:

P is an output power of the temperature control load, R is an equivalentthermal resistance, C is an equivalent thermal capacity of thetemperature control load and follows a logarithmic normal distribution,wherein a state switching period T of a temperature control load relaysatisfies T≈2/μ_(v), a largest amplitude A(t) of D(t) decays with timeand has 1−erf(1/z(t))≤A(t)≤erf(1/z(t)), wherein z(t)=2√{square root over(2)}σ_(ref)(μ_(x)(0)+μ_(v)t−½), and the actual dispatchable capacityD(t) of the temperature control load is expressed as follows:D(t)=D _(SS)(θ_(ref))+L ⁻¹({G _(P)(s)0.5/s}.

Where L⁻¹{⋅} represents an inverse Laplace transform, G_(P)(s) is atransfer function of a second-order linear time-invariant system,D_(SS)(θ) represents a dispatchable capacity of the temperature controlload group when a temperature setting value θ is stable, θ_(ref)represents a temperature setting value, σ_(ref) is a ratio of a varianceto a mathematical expectation, μ_(v) represents a mathematicalexpectation of a temperature change speed, μ_(x)(t) is an average valueof a change state mapping quantity x_(i)(t) of a temperature controlload relay switch at time point t, and μ_(x)(0) is an average value of achange state mapping quantity x_(i)(0) of the temperature control loadrelay switch at an initial time.

Further, the controlled temperature setting value θ_(ref) correspondingto the expected dispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) and theto-be-controlled temperature value θ_(t) ⁻ corresponding to the actualdispatchable capacity D(t) are obtained according to the followingformulas:

${{G_{p}(s)} = \frac{{b_{2}s^{2}} + {b_{1}s} + b_{0}}{s^{2} + {2{\xi\omega}_{n}s} + \omega_{n}^{2}}};$${\xi = \frac{\ln(r)}{\sqrt{\pi^{2} + {\ln^{2}(r)}}}};$${\omega_{n} = \frac{{\pi\mu}_{v}}{\sqrt{1 - \xi^{2}}}};$${b_{0} = \frac{\omega_{n}^{2}\left( {{D_{SS}\left( {\theta_{ref} + 0.5} \right)} - {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}} \right)}{0.5}};$b₁ = 0.5μ_(v) + 2D_(SS)(θ_(ref))ξω_(n) b₂ = D_(SS)(θ_(ref));${r = \frac{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9 + {2\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}}} \right)} - 0.5}}{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9} \right)} - 0.5}}};$${D_{SS}(\theta)} = {\left( {1 + \frac{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{\theta_{a} - \theta - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{{PR} + \theta - \theta_{a} - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1}.}$

Where s is a complex variable, b₀, b₁ and b₂ are coefficients of thecomplex variable, ξ represents a frequency domain transformationcoefficient, ω_(n) represents a frequency domain independent variable,D_(SS)(θ) represents the dispatchable capacity of the temperaturecontrol load group when the temperature setting value θ is stable,θ_(ref) represents the temperature setting value, H represents atemperature control interval and has H=θ₊−θ⁻, θ represents thetemperature value, and θ_(a) represents an environment temperature.

Further, the change state mapping quantity x_(i)(t) of the ithtemperature control load relay switch is expressed as:

$\mspace{76mu}{{{x_{i}(t)} = {{{x_{i}^{0} + {v_{i}{t.{Where}}\mspace{14mu}{\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}(t)}}{dt}}}} \approx v_{i}} = \frac{\theta_{a} - \theta_{ref}}{C_{i}R_{i}}}},{{{and}\mspace{14mu} x_{i}^{0}} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{1 + {\theta_{i}(0)} - \theta_{-}^{post}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} > 0} \\{\theta_{+}^{post} - {\theta_{i}(0)}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} < 0}\end{matrix}.} \right.}}$

Where θ_(i)(t) represents a temperature value of an energy storagemedium of an ith temperature control load at the time point t, v_(i)represents a temperature change rate of the ith temperature control loadat the time point t, C_(i) represents an equivalent thermal capacity ofthe ith temperature control load, R_(i) represents an equivalent thermalresistance of the ith temperature control load, x_(i) ⁰ represents avalue of the state mapping quantity of the ith temperature control loadrelay switch at the initial time, θ₊ ^(post) and θ⁻ ^(post) respectivelyrepresent an upper limit value and a lower limit value of thetemperature after temperature control, θ_(i)(0) represents an internaltemperature of the load energy storage medium of the ith temperaturecontrol load at the initial time, and θ_(i)(0⁻) represents an internaltemperature of the load energy storage medium of the ith temperaturecontrol load at a moment before the initial time.

Further, the temperature of the energy storage medium of each oftemperature control loads satisfies the following formula:

${\frac{d\;{\theta(t)}}{dt} = {- {\frac{1}{CR}\left\lbrack {{\theta(t)} - \theta_{a} + {{m(t)}{RP}} + {w(t)}} \right\rbrack}}};$${m\left( t^{+} \right)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}0 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \leq {\theta_{-} + {u(t)}}} \\1 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \geq {\theta_{+} + {u(t)}}} \\{m(t)} & {else}\end{matrix}.} \right.$

Where θ(t) represents the temperature value of the energy storage mediumof the temperature control load at the time point t, P is a constantoutput power when the temperature control load is switched on, w(t)represents an unpredictable thermal disturbing influence, m(t)represents relay states, m(t)=1 represents a switched-on state andm(t)=0 represents a switched-off state, t is time, θ₊ represents anupper limit value of the temperature setting value before a loadresponse; θ⁻ represents a lower limit value of the temperature settingvalue before a load response, t⁺ represents a moment after the timepoint t, u(t) represents a change quantity of the temperature settingvalue at the time point t, and m(t⁺) represents a relay state at themoment after the time point t.

A second aspect of the present disclosure adopts the following technicalsolution.

A user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters includes:

performing fundamental thermodynamic modeling on a temperature controlload, and establishing a temperature control model directly controlledby loads;

constructing a mapping quantity to describe a change state of atemperature control load relay switch;

constructing a direct relation between the mapping quantity and anadjustable capacity of the temperature control load; and

performing adjustment on the temperature change quantity of each oftemperature control load clusters according to the temperature controlload clusters.

In the user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters, the temperature control model directlycontrolled by loads is:

$\frac{d\;{\theta(t)}}{dt} = {{- {\frac{1}{CR}\left\lbrack {{\theta(t)} - \theta_{a} + {{m(t)}{RP}} + {w(t)}} \right\rbrack}}\mspace{14mu}{and}}$$\begin{matrix}{{m\left( t^{+} \right)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}0 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \leq {\theta_{-} + {u(t)}}} \\1 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \geq {\theta_{+} + {u(t)}}} \\{m(t)} & {else}\end{matrix}.} \right.} & (1)\end{matrix}$

Where θ(t) represents a temperature value of an energy storage medium ofthe temperature control load at time point t, θ_(α) represents anenvironment temperature, C and R respectively represent an equivalentthermal capacity and an equivalent thermal resistance of the temperaturecontrol load, P represents a constant output power when the temperaturecontrol load is switched on, w(t) represents an unpredictable thermaldisturbing influence, m(t) represents relay states, m(t)=1 represents aswitched-on state and m(t)=0 represents a switched-off state, trepresents time, θ₊ represents an upper limit value of a temperaturesetting value before a load response, θ⁻ represents a lower limit valueof the temperature setting value before the load response, t⁺ representsa moment after the time point t, u(t) represents a change quantity ofthe temperature setting value at the time point t, and m(t⁺) representsa relay state at the moment after the time point t.

In the user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters, the mapping quantity of a change state ofthe ith temperature control load relay switch x_(i)(t) is expressed as:

$\begin{matrix}{{x_{i}(t)} = {x_{i}^{0} + {v_{i}{t.}}}} & (2) \\{{{{\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}(t)}}{dt}} \approx v_{i}} = \frac{\theta_{a} - \theta_{ref}}{C_{i}R_{i}}};} & (3) \\{x_{i}^{0} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{1 + {\theta_{i}(0)} - \theta_{-}^{post}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} > 0} \\{\theta_{+}^{post} - {\theta_{i}(0)}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} < 0}\end{matrix}.} \right.} & (4)\end{matrix}$

Where θ_(i)(t) represents a temperature value of the energy storagemedium of an ith temperature control device at the time point t, v_(i)represents a temperature change rate of the ith temperature controldevice at the time point t, θ_(ref) represents a temperature settingvalue, C_(i) represents an equivalent thermal capacity of the ithtemperature control device, R_(i) represents an equivalent thermalresistance of the ith temperature control device, x_(i) ⁰ represents avalue of mapping quantity of the ith temperature control device at aninitial time, θ₊ ^(post) and θ⁻ ^(post) respectively represent an upperlimit value and a lower limit value of the temperature after temperaturecontrol, θ_(i)(0) represents an internal temperature of the energystorage medium of the ith temperature control device at the initialtime, and θ_(i)(0⁻) represents an internal temperature of the energystorage medium of the ith temperature control device at the momentbefore the initial time.

In the user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters, in condition that switching-on powers ofall of temperature control loads are the same, an actual dispatchablecapacity D(t) of the temperature control load is calculated by thefollowing formula:

$\begin{matrix}{{D(t)} = {\frac{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < 1} \right\rbrack}{3} + {\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{\infty}\;{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < {{2k} + 1}} \right\rbrack}} - {{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < {2k}} \right\rbrack}.}}} & (5)\end{matrix}$

Where Pr[⋅] is a probability operator indicating a probability value ofsatisfying [⋅], k is a positive integer, and x(t) represents a set ofthe mapping quantity x_(i)(t) of the temperature control device.

In the user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters, in condition that output power P andequivalent thermal resistances R of all the temperature control loadsare the same, the equivalent thermal capacity C follows a logarithmicnormal distribution and has In(C)˜N(μ_(C), σ_(C)), the actualdispatchable capacity D(t) of the temperature control load can beapproximately estimated as:

-   -   in condition that

$\mspace{20mu}{{\sigma_{ref} = \frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}}},{{D(t)} \approx {\frac{1}{6} + {\frac{1}{6}{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(1)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}} + {\frac{1}{2} \times {\sum\limits_{j = 2}^{\infty}\;{\left( {- 1} \right)^{j + 1}{{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(j)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}.}}}}}}}$

Where erf[⋅] is a gauss error function, and μ_(x)(t) is an average valueof the mapping quantity x of the temperature control device at the timepoint t, σ_(ref) is a ratio of a variance to a mathematical expectation,and μ_(C) is a mathematical expectation of capacitance distribution,σ_(C) represents a variance of capacitance distribution, μ_(x)(0) is anaverage value of the mapping quantity x of the temperature controldevice at the initial time, μ_(v) represents a mathematical expectationof a temperature change speed, and j is a positive integer.

In the user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters, R, P and C follow the logarithmic normaldistribution, a state switching period time T of the temperature controlload relay satisfies T≈2/μ_(v), a largest amplitude A(t) of D(t) decayswith time and has; 1−erf(1/z(t))≤A(t)≤erf(1/z(t), wherein z(t)=2√{squareroot over (2)}σ_(ref)(μ_(x)(0)+μ_(v)t−½), and the actual dispatchablecapacity D(t) of the temperature control load is expressed as follows:D(t)=D _(SS)(θ_(ref))+L ⁻¹ {G _(P)(s)0.5/s}  (7)

Where L⁻¹{⋅} represents an inverse Laplace transform, and G_(P)(s) is atransfer function of a second-order linear time-invariant system,

$\begin{matrix}{{G_{p}(s)} = \frac{{b_{2}s^{2}} + {b_{1}s} + b_{0}}{s^{2} + {2{\xi\omega}_{n}s} + \omega_{n}^{2}}} & (8) \\{\xi = \frac{\ln(r)}{\sqrt{\pi^{2} + {\ln^{2}(r)}}}} & (9) \\{\omega_{n} = \frac{{\pi\mu}_{v}}{\sqrt{1 - \xi^{2}}}} & (10) \\{b_{0} = \frac{\omega_{n}^{2}\left( {{D_{SS}\left( {\theta_{ref} + 0.5} \right)} - {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}} \right)}{0.5}} & (11) \\{b_{1} = {{0.5\mu_{v}} + {2{D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}{\xi\omega}_{n}}}} & (12) \\{b_{2} = {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}} & (13) \\{r = \frac{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9 + {2\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}}} \right)} - 0.5}}{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9} \right)} - 0.5}}} & (14) \\{{D_{SS}(\theta)} = \left( {1 + \frac{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{\theta_{a} - \theta - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{{PR} + \theta - \theta_{a} - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1}} & (15)\end{matrix}$

Where s is a complex variable, and b₀, b₁ and b₂ are coefficients of thecomplex variable; ξ represents a frequency domain transformationcoefficient, ω_(n) represents a frequency domain independent variable,D_(SS)(θ) represents a dispatchable capacity of the temperature controlload group when a temperature setting value θ is stable, θ_(ref)represents a temperature setting value, H represents a temperaturecontrol interval and has H=θ₊−θ⁻, and θ represents a temperature value.

In the user side load response method based on adjustment and control ontemperature of load clusters, the performing adjustment on thetemperature change quantity of each of temperature control load clustersaccording to the temperature control load clusters includes:

sending a dispatching command by a dispatching center, wherein thedispatching command is an expected dispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) atthe time point t;

calculating an actual dispatchable capacity D(t) of the temperaturecontrol device at the time point t according to a formula (6) or aformula (7), obtaining a controlled temperature setting value θ_(ref)corresponding to the expected dispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) and ato-be-controlled temperature value θ_(t) ⁻ corresponding to the actualdispatchable capacity D(t) according to the expected dispatchablecapacity D_(ref)(t) and the actual dispatchable capacity D(t) and by useof formulas (8-15) and by performing a Laplace transformation, andcalculating a temperature change quantity u(t) of the temperaturecontrol device at the time point t through θ_(ref)−θ_(t) ⁻ ; and

dividing a temperature control load group into L temperature controlload clusters according to types of temperature control loads, wherein atemperature adjustment signal of each of the temperature control loadclusters is u_(i)(t), so that a rough temperature adjustment quantityΔu′ of each of the temperature control loads is within a realizablerange, and the temperature adjustment signal u_(i)(t) of each of theload cluster is calculated through the following formulas:

$\begin{matrix}{{u_{i}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} > {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}} \\{{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} + {\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} \leq {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}}\end{matrix} \right.} & (16)\end{matrix}$

Where floor[⋅] is a function which takes an integer value of [⋅]; mod(⋅)represents a remainder of u(t)/Δu′, l represents a serial number of oneof load clusters, and L represents a number of the load clusters.

The present disclosure achieves the following beneficial effects.

The present disclosure considers the parameter difference of thetemperature control device by proposing a method for adjusting thetemperature control load clusters so that the calculation of theadjustable capacity of the temperature control device is more objectiveand practical; and

The present disclosure adopts a load cluster control strategy byproposing the method for adjusting the temperature control load clustersso that the response precision of the temperature control load isimproved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a user side load response method inthe present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a load adjustment characteristic curve when a standardvariance of an equivalent thermal capacity in a situation 1 is 0.5;

FIG. 3 is a load adjustment characteristic curve when a standardvariance of an equivalent thermal capacity in a situation 1 is 0.2;

FIG. 4 is a load adjustment characteristic curve when a standardvariance of an equivalent thermal capacity in a situation 1 is 0.1;

FIG. 5 is a load adjustment characteristic curve when a standardvariance of an equivalent thermal capacity in a situation 1 is 0.05;

FIG. 6 is a load adjustment characteristic curve of various differentstandard variances in a situation 2;

FIG. 7 is an internal control model of a load;

FIG. 8 is a curve of an aggregation control dispatchable capacityobtained when precision of a load sensor is 0.05 degree;

FIG. 9 is a curve of an aggregation control dispatchable capacityobtained when precision of a load sensor is 0.5 degree; and

FIG. 10 is a curve of an aggregation control dispatchable capacitycontrolled by load clusters.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure is further described below in combination withdrawings. The following embodiments are merely used for explaining thetechnical solution of the present disclosure more clearly, not used forlimiting the protection scope of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 1, a user side load response method based on adjustmentand control on load clusters includes the steps:

In step 1, fundamental thermodynamic modeling on a temperature controlload is performed, and a temperature control model directly controlledby loads is established.

The temperature control load is abstracted as a thermodynamic model andis abstracted to be formed by two parts: a constant power output deviceand a relay according to the actual working situation of the temperaturecontrol load. The relay has two states indicated by m(t). When the relayis in a switched-on state, the constant power output device outputsconstant power, and the temperature of the energy storage medium of thetemperature control load is adjusted. When the relay is in aswitched-off state, the constant power output device does not outputpower, and the temperature of the energy storage medium changesfollowing thermodynamic law. The formula of the temperature θ(t) of theenergy storage medium is:

${\frac{d\;{\theta(t)}}{dt} = {- {\frac{1}{CR}\left\lbrack {{\theta(t)} - \theta_{a} + {{m(t)}{RP}} + {w(t)}} \right\rbrack}}};$$\begin{matrix}{{m\left( t^{+} \right)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}0 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \leq {\theta_{-} + {u(t)}}} \\1 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \geq {\theta_{+} + {u(t)}}} \\{m(t)} & {else}\end{matrix}.} \right.} & (1)\end{matrix}$

Where θ(t) represents a temperature value of an energy storage medium ofthe temperature control load at time point t, θ_(a) represents anenvironment temperature, C and R respectively represent an equivalentthermal capacity and an equivalent thermal resistance of the temperaturecontrol load, P represents a constant output power when the temperaturecontrol load is switched on, w(t) represents an unpredictable thermaldisturbing influence, m(t) represents relay states, m(t)=1 represents aswitched-on state and m(t)=0 represents a switched-off state, trepresents time, θ₊ represents an upper limit value of a temperaturesetting value before a load response, θ⁻ represents a lower limit valueof the temperature setting value before the load response, t⁺ representsa moment after the time point t, m(t⁺) represents a relay state at themoment after the time point t, and u(t) represents a change quantity ofthe temperature setting value at the time point t.

In step 2, a mapping quantity to describe a change state of atemperature control load relay switch is constructed. the mappingquantity of a change state of the ith temperature control load relayswitch is set as x_(i)(t), and a direct relation between the adjustablecapacity D(t) of the temperature control load and the mapping quantityx_(i)(t) is defined.

The mapping quantity of a change state of the ith temperature controlload relay switch is expressed by x_(i)(t), i is a positive integer, andthe x_(i)(t) is expressed as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{x_{i}(t)} = {x_{i}^{0} + {v_{i}{t.{Where}}}}} & (2) \\{{{{\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}(t)}}{dt}} \approx v_{i}} = \frac{\theta_{a} - \theta_{ref}}{C_{i}R_{i}}};} & (3) \\{x_{i}^{0} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{1 + {\theta_{i}(0)} - \theta_{-}^{post}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} > 0} \\{\theta_{+}^{post} - {\theta_{i}(0)}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} < 0}\end{matrix}.} \right.} & (4)\end{matrix}$

Where θ_(i)(t) represents a temperature value of the energy storagemedium of an ith temperature control device at the time point t, v_(i)represents a temperature change rate of the ith temperature controldevice at the time point t, θ_(ref) represents a temperature settingvalue, C_(i) represents an equivalent thermal capacity of the ithtemperature control device, R_(i) represents an equivalent thermalresistance of the ith temperature control device, x_(i) ⁰ represents avalue of mapping quantity of the ith temperature control device at aninitial time, θ₊ ^(post) and θ⁻ ^(post) respectively represent an upperlimit value and a lower limit value of the temperature after temperaturecontrol, θ_(i)(0) represents an internal temperature of the energystorage medium of the ith temperature control device at the initialtime, and θ_(i)(0⁻) represents an internal temperature of the energystorage medium of the ith temperature control device at the momentbefore the initial time. The temperature adjustment deviation of thetemperature control device set in the embodiment is 0.5 degree, so thatθ₊−θ⁻=1 and θ₊ ^(post)−θ⁻ ^(post)=1.

When x_(i)(t) reaches an integer value, the control state of thetemperature control load changes once, i.e., the switched-on state ofthe relay is changed into the switched-off state, or the switched-offstate of the relay is changed into the switched-on state. In the coursethat x_(i)(t) changes into an even number from an odd number, thetemperature control load relay is in the switched-off state, i.e., inthe time m(t)=0, and in the course that x_(i)(t) changes into an oddnumber from an even number, the temperature control load relay is in theswitched-on state, i.e., that in the time, m(t)=1.

The size of the adjustable capacity of the temperature control load isexpressed by D(t), the relation between the size of the adjustablecapacity and the mapping quantity x_(i)(t) is estimated as follows (themapping quantity of a certain temperature control device is notspecifically indicated below), and the set of the mapping quantityx_(i)(t) of the temperature control device is expressed by x(t). Incondition that the switched-on powers of all the temperature controlloads are the same, the largest load change situation can be expressedby the value of the largest load capacity after per-unit valuenormalization treatment and can be equal to a probability value D(t).The largest power is outputted when D(t) is equal to 1. All thetemperature control loads are switched on, and the adjustable capacityis the largest. The calculation formula of D(t) is as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{D(t)} = {\frac{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < 1} \right\rbrack}{3} + {\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{\infty}\;{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < {{2k} + 1}} \right\rbrack}} - {{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < {2k}} \right\rbrack}.}}} & (5)\end{matrix}$

Where Pr[⋅] is a probability operator indicating a probability value ofsatisfying [⋅], k is a positive integer.

In step 3, two situations exist. The first situation: in condition thatoutput power P and equivalent thermal resistances R of all thetemperature control loads are the same, the equivalent thermal capacityC follows a logarithmic normal distribution and hasIn(C)˜N(μ_(C),σ_(C)), and D(t) can be approximatively estimated as:

-   -   in condition that

$\begin{matrix}{\mspace{76mu}{{\sigma_{ref} = \frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}}},}} & \; \\{{D(t)} \approx {\frac{1}{6} + {\frac{1}{6}{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(1)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}} + {\frac{1}{2} \times {\sum\limits_{j = 2}^{\infty}\;{\left( {- 1} \right)^{j + 1}{{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(j)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}.}}}}}} & (6)\end{matrix}$

Where erf[⋅] is a gauss error function, and μ_(x)(t) is an average valueof the mapping quantity x of the temperature control device at the timepoint t, σ_(ref) is a ratio of a variance to a mathematical expectation,and μ_(C) is a mathematical expectation of capacitance distribution,σ_(C) represents a variance of capacitance distribution, μ_(x)(0) is anaverage value of the mapping quantity x of the temperature controldevice at the initial time, μ_(v) represents a mathematical expectationof a temperature change speed, and j is a positive integer.

R, P and C follow the logarithmic normal distribution, a state switchingperiod time T of the temperature control load relay satisfies T≈2/μ_(v),a largest amplitude A(t) of D(t) decays with time and has;1−erf(1/z(t))≤A(t)≤erf(1/z(t), wherein z(t)=2√{square root over(2)}σ_(ref)(μ_(x)(0)+μ_(v)t−½), and the actual dispatchable capacityD(t) of the temperature control load is expressed as follows:D(t)=D _(SS)(θ_(ref))+L ⁻¹ {G _(P)(s)0.5/s}  (7).

Where L⁻¹{⋅} represents an inverse Laplace transform, and G_(P)(s) is atransfer function of a second-order linear time-invariant system.

$\begin{matrix}{{{G_{p}(s)} = \frac{{b_{2}s^{2}} + {b_{1}s} + b_{0}}{s^{2} + {2{\xi\omega}_{n}s} + \omega_{n}^{2}}};} & (8) \\{{\xi = \frac{\ln(r)}{\sqrt{\pi^{2} + {\ln^{2}(r)}}}};} & (9) \\{{\omega_{n} = \frac{{\pi\mu}_{v}}{\sqrt{1 - \xi^{2}}}};} & (10) \\{{b_{0} = \frac{\omega_{n}^{2}\left( {{D_{SS}\left( {\theta_{ref} + 0.5} \right)} - {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}} \right)}{0.5}};} & (11) \\{{b_{1} = {{0.5\mu_{v}} + {2{D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}{\xi\omega}_{n}}}};} & (12) \\{{b_{2} = {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}};} & (13) \\{{r = \frac{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9 + {2\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}}} \right)} - 0.5}}{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9} \right)} - 0.5}}};} & (14) \\{{D_{SS}(\theta)} = {\left( {1 + \frac{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{H}{\theta_{a} - \theta - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{H}{{PR} + \theta - \theta_{a} - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1}.}} & (15)\end{matrix}$

Where H represents a temperature control interval and has H=θ₊−θ⁻, s isa complex variable, and b₀, b₁ and b₂ are coefficients of the complexvariable; ξ represents a frequency domain transformation coefficient,ω_(n) represents a frequency domain independent variable. r is a symbolestablished for concision of a formula and does not have special actualmeaning, D_(SS)(θ) represents a dispatchable capacity of the temperaturecontrol load group when a temperature setting value θ is stable, θ_(ref)represents a temperature setting value, and θ represents a temperaturevalue. The internal control structure of the load is shown in FIG. 7,where G_(d)(s)=0.5/s and is a transfer function of the expecteddispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) at time point t. The whole responseprocess or control process is described as follows in combination withFIG. 7.

A dispatching command is sent by a dispatching center, and thedispatching command is an expected dispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) atthe time point t. An actual dispatchable capacity D(t) of thetemperature control device at the time point t is calculated accordingto a formula (6) or a formula (7), a controlled temperature settingvalue θ_(ref) corresponding to the expected dispatchable capacityD_(ref)(t) and a to-be-controlled temperature value θ_(t) ⁻corresponding to the actual dispatchable capacity D(t) are obtainedaccording to the expected dispatchable capacity D_(ref) (t) and theactual dispatchable capacity D(t) and by use of formulas (8-15) and byperforming a Laplace transformation. A temperature change quantity u(t)of the temperature control device at the time point t is calculatedthrough θ_(ref)−θ_(t) ⁻ , and then through step 4, the temperaturechange quantity (temperature adjustment signal) u_(i)(t) of the loadclusters can be calculated, so that the response (control) process canbe completed.

In step 4, in accordance with the defect that the precision of atemperature sensor of the temperature control load cannot reach the setvalue or the temperature control of a single temperature control load islimited, an adjustment strategy of the temperature control load clustersis introduced, thereby solving the problem of low response precisioncaused by parameter errors such as low precision of sensors.

For the defect that the precision of the temperature sensor of thetemperature control load cannot reach the set value or the temperaturecontrol of the single temperature control load is limited, a manner ofadjusting the temperature change quantity of different temperaturecontrol devices through the temperature control load clusters isconsidered. The manner is performed through the following specificsteps: when a unified temperature control command u(t), i.e., thetemperature change quantity of the temperature control device at timepoint t, sent from the dispatching center or the load aggregator isreceived, the temperature control load group is divided into Ltemperature control load clusters according to the types of thetemperature control loads, and the temperature control of eachtemperature control load cluster is u_(i)(t), so that the roughtemperature adjustment quantity Δu′ of each temperature control load iswithin a realizable range of the precision of the sensor (such as 0.5degree), and the calculation expression of the temperature adjustmentsignal u_(i)(t) of each load cluster is:

$\begin{matrix}{{u_{i}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} > {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}} \\{{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} + {\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} \leq {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}}\end{matrix}.} \right.} & (16)\end{matrix}$

Where floor[⋅] is a function which takes an integer value of [⋅]; mod(⋅)represents a remainder of u(t)/Δu′, l represents a serial number of oneof load clusters, and L represents a number of the load clusters.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a total of 10000temperature control load clusters are selected. If all the temperaturecontrol load clusters respond to the response command sent from thedispatching center, the dispatching command i.e., the expecteddispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) at time point t, is sent from thedispatching center at time point t; the actual dispatchable capacityD(t) of the temperature control device in the region is calculated bythe load aggregator, and the adjustment temperature u_(i)(t) of eachload cluster is calculated through the algorithm of the presentdisclosure and is sent to each temperature control device, so that theresponse process is completed. The response parameters of thetemperature control load clusters are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Response Parameter Table of Temperature Control Load ClustersVariable Value Remarks Equivalent 2° C./KW A definite value is taken inthe situation thermal 1 μ_(R) = 2° C./KW in the situation 2 resistance REquivalent 10° C./KW μ_(c) = 10° C./KW in thermal situation 1 andsituation 2 capacity C Output power P 14 KW A definite value is taken inthe situation 1, P = 14 KW in the situation 2 Lower limit set 19.5° C.temperature θ⁻ Upper limit set 20.5° C. temperature θ₊ Outdoor 32° C.temperature θ_(α)

Remarks are as follows.

Situation 1: the equivalent thermal capacity C follows a logarithmicnormal distribution when the output power P and the equivalent thermalresistances R of all the temperature control loads are the same.

Situation 2: R, P and C follow a logarithmic normal distribution,considering the equivalent thermal resistances R and the output powers Pof the temperature control loads are considered not to be the same inthe actual situation.

For the situation 1, equivalent thermal resistance R satisfies R=2°C./KW, the mathematical expectation of the distribution of theequivalent capacitance satisfies μ_(c)=10° C./KW, and the output power Pof the temperature control load satisfies P=14 KW. The variances of thelogarithmic normal distribution of different equivalent heat capacitiesare substituted into a computer, and the adjustable margin of the loadis calculated and is compared with an adjustable margin curve of anactual load.

The rate of the variance to the mathematical expectation satisfies

${\sigma_{ref} = {\frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}} = 0.5}},$when the standard variance σ_(C)=5 KW/° C. of the equivalent thermalcapacity is taken, and the rate is substituted in the formula (6) toobtain the load adjustment characteristic curve when the standardvariance of the equivalent thermal capacity in the situation 1 is 0.5,as shown in the FIG. 2, wherein the actual data indicates the curve ofthe actual load adjustment capacity D(t).

The probability value D(t) of the load is increased when the varianceσ_(C) of the equivalent thermal capacity of the temperature control loadis decreased, and the load adjustment characteristic curve is shown inthe FIG. 3 when the standard variance of the equivalent thermal capacityin the situation is 0.2 in condition that

$\sigma_{ref} = {\frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}} = {0.2.}}$

The load adjustment characteristic curve is shown in the FIG. 4 when thestandard variance of the equivalent thermal capacity in the situation 1is 0.1 in condition that

$\sigma_{ref} = {\frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}} = {0.1.}}$

The load adjustment characteristic curve is shown in the FIG. 5 when thestandard variance of the equivalent thermal capacity in the situation 1is 0.05 in condition that

$\sigma_{ref} = {\frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}} = {0.05.}}$

For the situation 2, i.e., the mathematical expectation of theequivalent thermal resistance satisfies μ_(R)=2° C./KW, the mathematicalexpectation of the equivalent thermal capacity satisfies μ_(C)=10°C./KW, and the mathematical expectation of the load power satisfies P=14KW.

     H = θ₊ − θ⁻ = 1;${{D_{SS}(\theta)} = {\left( {1 + \frac{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{H}{\theta_{a} - \theta - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{H}{{PR} + \theta - \theta_{a} - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1} = {\left( {1 + \frac{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{1}{32 - \theta - 0.5}} \right)}{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{1}{28 + 32 - \theta - 0.5}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1} = \left( {1 + \frac{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{1}{31.5 - \theta}} \right)}{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{1}{{59.5 - \theta}\;}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1}}}};$$\mspace{76mu}{{b_{2} = {{D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)} = {\left( {1 + \frac{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{1}{31.5 - 20}} \right)}{\ln\left( {1 + \frac{1}{59.5 - 20}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1} = 0.2307}}};}$$\mspace{76mu}{{\mu_{v} = {{{{mean}{\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}(t)}}{dt}}} \approx {{mean}\left( v_{i} \right)}} = {\frac{\theta_{a} - \theta_{ref}}{CR} = {\frac{32 - 20}{20} = 0.6}}}};}$$\mspace{20mu}{{{{If}\mspace{14mu}\xi} = 0.259},{\omega_{n} = 0.033},{{{then}\mspace{14mu} t_{s}} = {{4.6\text{/}{\xi\omega}_{n}} = {525\left( \min \right)}}},\mspace{20mu}{b_{1} = {{{0.5\mu_{v}} + {2{D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}{\xi\omega}_{n}}} = 0.4525}},{b_{0} = {\frac{\omega_{n}^{2}\left( {{D_{SS}\left( {\theta_{ref} + 0.5} \right)} - {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}} \right)}{0.5} = {\frac{0.033^{2}\left( {0.2906 - 0.2307} \right)}{0.5} \approx {0.000063294.}}}}}$

When

${G_{p}(s)} = \frac{{b_{2}s^{2}} + {b_{1}s} + b_{0}}{s^{2} + {2{\xi\omega}_{n}s} + \omega_{n}^{2}}$is substituted, then D(t)=D_(SS)(θ_(ref))+L⁻¹{G_(P)(s)0.5/s} issubstituted and t is substituted into z(t)=2√{square root over(2)}σ_(ref)(μ_(x)(0)+μ_(v)t−½). According to1−erf(1/z(t))≤A(t)≤erf(1/z(t), the amplitude of the probability valueD(t) can be obtained, so that the load adjustment characteristic curveof various different standard variances in the situation 2 can beobtained, as shown in the FIG. 6. FIG. 6 includes 3 curves: an actualdata curve, a simulation curve of manually inputted coefficients ξ,ω_(n), b₀, b₁, b₂ and a simulation curve of coefficients ξ, ω_(n), b₀,b₁, b₂ obtained through calculation of an algorithm in the presentdisclosure.

Selecting different rough temperature adjustment quantities mayinfluence the adjustment capacity of the temperature control loads, andan aggregation control dispatchable capacity curve can be obtained whenthe precision of the load sensor is 0.05 degrees through the internalcontrol structure of the load in FIG. 7 and in combination with formulas(1) and (7-15) when a rough temperature adjustment quantity is taken, asshown in the FIG. 8.

However, the dispatching curve may not be satisfied if the precision ofthe sensor is not high enough. When Δu′=0.5, the aggregation controldispatchable capacity curve is shown in the FIG. 9.

The dispatching capacity continuously fluctuates, but cannot changealong with the needed curve. However, due to the precision of the sensorand the limit of the temperature adjustment range of the temperaturecontrol load, requirements for dispatching precision are not satisfiedpossibly. Then favorable load response cannot be obtained, and at thismoment, the load clusters are introduced to solve the problem.

For example, the adjustable range of each temperature control loadsatisfies Δu′=0.5, but the control precision needs to satisfy Δu=0.05.If the group is divided into L=10 aggregation types, and when t=t_(m),u(t)=1.15, then according to

${u_{l}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} > {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}} \\{{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} + {\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} \leq {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}}\end{matrix}.} \right.$

u_(l)(t_(m))=1.15 for the first, the second and the third aggregationtypes, and u_(l)(t_(m))=1.1 for the remaining seven aggregation types.

The adjustable capacity curves controlled after the control loadclusters are introduced is shown in FIG. 10.

The present disclosure discloses a user side load response method basedon adjustment and control on temperature of load clusters. Load controlis achieved by adjusting the set temperature of temperature control loadclusters, and requirements for a power grid side load response aresatisfied. The user side load response method includes the steps:firstly, thermodynamic modeling is performed on a temperature controlload to obtain a temperature control model in direct load control; amapping quantity is constructed to describe the change state of thetemperature control load relay switch; adjustable capacity of thetemperature control load is obtained through the mapping quantity; andthe temperature control load clusters are introduced to solve theproblem that control precision cannot satisfy conditions. The presentdisclosure sufficiently considers the adjustment characteristics of thetemperature control load and the adjustment characteristics of thetemperature control load clusters, so that the requirements for thepower grid side load response are satisfied. The parameter difference ofthe temperature control device is considered, so that the calculation ofthe adjustable capacity of the temperature control device can be moreobjective and practical. A load cluster control strategy is adopted, sothat the temperature control load response precision can be improved.

The above only describes preferred embodiments of the presentdisclosure. It should be noted that those ordinary skilled in the artcan still make several improvements and variations on the premise of notdeparting from the technical principle of the present disclosure. Theseimprovements and variations can also be regarded in the protection scopeof the present disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A user side load response method based onadjustment and control on temperature of load clusters, comprising:receiving, by a load aggregator, a dispatching command sent from adispatching center at a time point t, wherein the dispatching command isan expected dispatchable capacity D_(f)(t) at the time point t;performing calculation, by the load aggregator, to obtain an actualdispatchable capacity D(t) of a temperature control load at the timepoint t; obtaining a controlled temperature setting value θ_(ref) of thetemperature control load corresponding to the expected dispatchablecapacity D_(ref)(t), and obtaining a to-be-controlled temperature valueθ_(t) ⁻ of the temperature control load corresponding to the actualdispatchable capacity D(t); calculating, by the load aggregator, atemperature change quantity u(t) of the temperature control load at thetime point t through θ_(ref)−θ_(t) ⁻ ; dividing, by the load aggregator,a temperature control load group that participates in adjustment andcontrol into a plurality of temperature control load clusters, andperforming calculation to obtain a temperature change quantity u_(i)(t)of each of the plurality of temperature control load clusters accordingto the temperature change quantity u(t); sending, by the loadaggregator, temperature change quantity u_(i)(t) of each of theplurality of temperature control load clusters, to temperature controlloads in the each of the plurality of temperature control load clusters,receiving, by the temperature control loads in the each of the pluralityof temperature control load clusters, the temperature change quantityu_(i)(t) of each of the plurality of temperature control load clusters,and adjusting, by the temperature control loads in the each of theplurality of temperature control load clusters, actual dispatchablecapacities D(t) of the temperature control loads in the each of theplurality of temperature control load clusters according to thetemperature change quantity u_(i)(t) of each of the plurality oftemperature control load clusters, wherein the temperature control loadgroup comprises a plurality of temperature control loads, wherein thedividing, by the load aggregator, the temperature control load groupthat participates in adjustment and control into the plurality oftemperature control load clusters comprises: dividing the temperaturecontrol load group into the plurality of temperature control loadclusters according to types of temperature control loads.
 2. The userside load response method according to claim 1, wherein performingcalculation, by the load aggregator, to obtain a temperature changequantity u_(i)(t) of each of the plurality of temperature control loadclusters according to the temperature change quantity u(t) comprises:${u_{i}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} > {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}} \\{{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} + {\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} \leq {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}}\end{matrix},} \right.$ wherein floor[⋅] is a function which takes aninteger value of [⋅], mod(⋅) represents a remainder of u(t)/Δu′, lrepresents a serial number of one of load clusters, L represents anumber of the load clusters, and Δu′ represents a temperature adjustmentprecision of the temperature control loads.
 3. The user side loadresponse method according to claim 1, wherein switching-on powers of allthe temperature control loads are the same, and the performingcalculation, by the load aggregator, to obtain the actual dispatchablecapacity D(t) of the temperature control load at the time point tcomprises:${{D(t)} \approx {\frac{1}{6} + {\frac{1}{6}{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(1)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}} + {\frac{1}{2} \times {\sum\limits_{j = 2}^{\infty}\;{\left( {- 1} \right)^{j + 1}{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(j)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}}}}}},$wherein output power P and equivalent thermal resistances R of all thetemperature control loads are the same, an equivalent thermal capacity Cfollows logarithmic normal distribution and has In(C)˜N(μ_(C),σ_(C)),wherein erf[⋅] is a gauss error function, μ_(x)(t) is an average valueof a change state mapping quantity x_(i)(t) of a temperature controlload relay switch at time point t, σ_(ref) is a ratio of a variance to amathematical expectation and has${\sigma_{ref} = \frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}}},$ wherein μ_(C) is amathematical expectation of capacitance distribution, σ_(C) represents avariance of the capacitance distribution, μ_(x)(0) is an average valueof a change state mapping quantity x_(i)(0) of the temperature controlload relay switch at an initial time, and μ_(v) represents amathematical expectation of a temperature change speed, and j is apositive integer.
 4. The user side load response method according toclaim 1, wherein the performing calculation, by the load aggregator, toobtain the actual dispatchable capacity D(t) of the temperature controlload at the time point t comprises: wherein P is an output power of thetemperature control load, R is an equivalent thermal resistance, C is anequivalent thermal capacity of the temperature control load and followsa logarithmic normal distribution, wherein a state switching period T ofa temperature control load relay satisfies T≈2/μ_(v), a largestamplitude A(t) of D(t) decays with time and has1−erf(1/z(t))≤A(t)≤erf(1/z(t)), wherein z(t)=2√{square root over(2)}σ_(ref)(μ_(x)(0)+μ_(v)t−½), and the actual dispatchable capacityD(t) of the temperature control load is expressed as follows:D(t)=D _(SS)(θ_(ref))+L ⁻¹ {G _(P)(s)0.5/s} wherein L⁻¹{⋅} represents aninverse Laplace transform, G_(P)(s) is a transfer function of asecond-order linear time-invariant system, D_(SS)(θ) represents adispatchable capacity of the temperature control load group when atemperature setting value θ is stable, θ_(ref) represents a temperaturesetting value, σ_(ref) is a ratio of a variance to a mathematicalexpectation, μ_(v) represents a mathematical expectation of atemperature change speed, μ_(x)(t) is an average value of a change statemapping quantity x_(i)(t) of a temperature control load relay switch attime point t, and μ_(x)(0) is an average value of a change state mappingquantity x_(i)(0) of the temperature control load relay switch at aninitial time.
 5. The user side load response method according to claim4, wherein the controlled temperature setting value θ_(ref) of thetemperature control load corresponding to the expected dispatchablecapacity D_(ref)(t) and the to-be-controlled temperature value θ_(t) ⁻of the temperature control load corresponding to the actual dispatchablecapacity D(t) are obtained according to the following formulas:${{G_{p}(s)} = \frac{{b_{2}s^{2}} + {b_{1}s} + b_{0}}{s^{2} + {2{\xi\omega}_{n}s} + \omega_{n}^{2}}};$${\xi = \frac{\ln(r)}{\sqrt{\pi^{2} + {\ln^{2}(r)}}}};$${\omega_{n} = \frac{{\pi\mu}_{v}}{\sqrt{1 - \xi^{2}}}};$${b_{0} = \frac{\omega_{n}^{2}\left( {{D_{SS}\left( {\theta_{ref} + 0.5} \right)} - {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}} \right)}{0.5}};$b₁ = 0.5μ_(v) + 2D_(SS)(θ_(ref))ξω_(n) b₂ = D_(SS)(θ_(ref));${r = \frac{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9 + {2\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}}} \right)} - 0.5}}{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9} \right)} - 0.5}}};$${{D_{SS}(\theta)} = \left( {1 + \frac{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{\theta_{a} - \theta - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{{PR} + \theta - \theta_{a} - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1}};$wherein s is a complex variable, b₀, b₁ and b₂ are coefficients of thecomplex variable, ξ represents a frequency domain transformationcoefficient, ω_(n) represents a frequency domain independent variable,D_(SS)(θ) represents the dispatchable capacity of the temperaturecontrol load group when the temperature setting value θ is stable,θ_(ref) represents the temperature setting value, H represents atemperature control interval and has H=θ₊−θ⁻, θ represents thetemperature value, and θ_(a) represents an environment temperature. 6.The user side load response method according to claim 5, wherein thechange state mapping quantity x_(i)(t) of the ith temperature controlload relay switch is expressed as:x _(i)(t)=x _(i) ⁰ +v _(i) t; wherein${{{\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}(t)}}{dt}} \approx v_{i}} = \frac{\theta_{a} - \theta_{ref}}{C_{i}R_{i}}},{{{and}\mspace{14mu} x_{i}^{0}} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{1 + {\theta_{i}(0)} - \theta_{-}^{post}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} > 0} \\{\theta_{+}^{post} - {\theta_{i}(0)}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} < 0}\end{matrix};} \right.}$ wherein θ_(i)(t) represents a temperature valueof an energy storage medium of an ith temperature control load at thetime point t, v_(i) represents a temperature change rate of the ithtemperature control load at the time point t, C_(i) represents anequivalent thermal capacity of the ith temperature control load, R_(i)represents an equivalent thermal resistance of the ith temperaturecontrol load, x_(i) ⁰ represents a value of the state mapping quantityof the ith temperature control load relay switch at the initial time, θ₊^(post) and θ⁻ ^(post) respectively represent an upper limit value and alower limit value of the temperature after temperature control, θ_(i)(0)represents an internal temperature of the load energy storage medium ofthe ith temperature control load at the initial time, and θ_(i)(0⁻)represents an internal temperature of the load energy storage medium ofthe ith temperature control load at a moment before the initial time. 7.The user side load response method according to claim 6, wherein thetemperature of the energy storage medium of each of temperature controlloads satisfies the following formula:${\frac{d\;{\theta(t)}}{dt} = {- {\frac{1}{CR}\left\lbrack {{\theta(t)} - \theta_{a} + {{m(t)}{RP}} + {w(t)}} \right\rbrack}}};$${m\left( t^{+} \right)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}0 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \leq {\theta_{-} + {u(t)}}} \\1 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \geq {\theta_{+} + {u(t)}}} \\{m(t)} & {else}\end{matrix};} \right.$ wherein θ(t) represents the temperature value ofthe energy storage medium of the temperature control load at the timepoint t, P is a constant output power when the temperature control loadis switched on, w(t) represents an unpredictable thermal disturbinginfluence, m(t) represents relay states, m(t)=1 represents a switched-onstate and m(t)=0 represents a switched-off state, t is time, θ₊represents an upper limit value of the temperature setting value beforea load response; θ⁻ represents a lower limit value of the temperaturesetting value before a load response, t⁺ represents a moment after thetime point t, u(t) represents a change quantity of the temperaturesetting value at the time point t, and m(t⁺) represents a relay state atthe moment after the time point t.
 8. A user side load response methodbased on adjustment and control on temperature of load clusters,comprising: performing fundamental thermodynamic modeling, by a loadaggregator, on a temperature control load, and establishing atemperature control model for directly controlling a temperature controlload; constructing a mapping quantity, by the load aggregator, todescribe a change state of a temperature control load relay switch;constructing a direct relation, by the load aggregator, between themapping quantity and an adjustable capacity of the temperature controlload; and dividing, by the load aggregator, a temperature control loadgroup that participates in adjustment and control into a plurality oftemperature control load clusters, and performing adjustment ontemperature change quantity of each of the plurality of temperaturecontrol load clusters, wherein the temperature control load groupcomprises a plurality of temperature control loads, wherein thedividing, by the load aggregator, a temperature control load group thatparticipates in adjustment and control into a plurality of temperaturecontrol load clusters, and performing adjustment on temperature changequantity of each of the plurality of temperature control load clusterscomprises: sending, by the load aggregator, a dispatching command by adispatching center, wherein the dispatching command is an expecteddispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) at the time point t; calculating atemperature change quantity u(t) of a temperature control device at thetime point t; dividing, by the load aggregator, a temperature controlload group into L temperature control load clusters according to typesof temperature control loads, wherein a temperature adjustment signal ofeach of the temperature control load clusters is u_(i)(t), so that arough temperature adjustment quantity Δu′ of each of the temperaturecontrol loads is within a realizable range, and the temperatureadjustment signal u_(i)(t) of each of the load cluster is calculatedthrough the following formulas: $\begin{matrix}{{u_{i}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} > {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}} \\{{{{floor}\left\lbrack \frac{u(t)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}} \right\rbrack}\Delta\; u^{\prime}} + {\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu} l} \leq {L\frac{{mod}\left( {{u(t)},{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}} \right)}{\Delta\; u^{\prime}}}}\end{matrix} \right.} & (16)\end{matrix}$ floor[⋅] is a function which takes an integer value of[⋅]; mod(⋅) represents a remainder of u(t)/Δu′, l represents a serialnumber of one of the plurality of temperature control load clusters, andL represents a number of the plurality of temperature control loadclusters; and sending, by the load aggregator, the temperatureadjustment signal u_(i)(t) of each of the load cluster, to temperaturecontrol loads in the each of the load cluster, receiving, by thetemperature control loads in the each of the plurality of temperaturecontrol load clusters, the temperature change quantity u_(i)(t) of eachof the plurality of temperature control load clusters, and adjusting, bythe temperature control loads in the each of the plurality oftemperature control load clusters, actual dispatchable capacities D(t)of the temperature control loads in the each of the plurality oftemperature control load clusters according to the temperature changequantity u_(i)(t) of each of the plurality of temperature control loadclusters.
 9. The user side load response method according to claim 8,wherein the temperature control model for directly controlling thetemperature control load is: $\begin{matrix}{{\frac{d\;{\theta(t)}}{dt} = {{- {\frac{1}{CR}\left\lbrack {{\theta(t)} - \theta_{a} + {{m(t)}{RP}} + {w(t)}} \right\rbrack}}\mspace{14mu}{and}}}{{m\left( t^{+} \right)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}0 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \leq {\theta_{-} + {u(t)}}} \\1 & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}{\theta(t)}} \geq {\theta_{+} + {u(t)}}} \\{m(t)} & {else}\end{matrix};} \right.}} & (1)\end{matrix}$ wherein θ′(t) represents a temperature value of an energystorage medium of the temperature control load at time point t, θ_(a)represents an environment temperature, C and R respectively represent anequivalent thermal capacity and an equivalent thermal resistance of thetemperature control load, P represents a constant output power when thetemperature control load is switched on, w(t) represents anunpredictable thermal disturbing influence, m(t) represents relaystates, m(t)=1 represents a switched-on state and m(t)=0 represents aswitched-off state, t represents time, θ₊ represents an upper limitvalue of a temperature setting value before a load response, θ⁻represents a lower limit value of the temperature setting value beforethe load response, t⁺ represents a moment after the time point t, u(t)represents a change quantity of the temperature setting value at thetime point t, and m(t⁺) represents a relay state at the moment after thetime point t.
 10. The user side load response method according to claim8, wherein the mapping quantity of a change state of the ith temperaturecontrol load relay switch x_(i)(t) is expressed as:x _(i)(t)=x _(i) ⁰ +v _(i) t  (2); wherein $\begin{matrix}{{{{\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}(t)}}{dt}} \approx v_{i}} = \frac{\theta_{a} - \theta_{ref}}{C_{i}R_{i}}};} & (3) \\{x_{i}^{0} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{1 + {\theta_{i}(0)} - \theta_{-}^{post}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} > 0} \\{\theta_{+}^{post} - {\theta_{i}(0)}} & {{{if}\mspace{14mu}\frac{d\;{\theta_{i}\left( 0^{-} \right)}}{dt}} < 0}\end{matrix};} \right.} & (4)\end{matrix}$ wherein θ_(i)(t) represents a temperature value of theenergy storage medium of an ith temperature control device at the timepoint t, v_(i) represents a temperature change rate of the ithtemperature control device at the time point t, θ_(ref) represents atemperature setting value, C_(i) represents an equivalent thermalcapacity of the ith temperature control device, R_(i) represents anequivalent thermal resistance of the ith temperature control device,x_(i) ⁰ represents a value of mapping quantity of the ith temperaturecontrol device at an initial time, θ₊ ^(post) and θ⁻ ^(post)respectively represent an upper limit value and a lower limit value ofthe temperature after temperature control, θ_(i)(0) represents aninternal temperature of the energy storage medium of the ith temperaturecontrol device at the initial time, and θ_(i)(0⁻) represents an internaltemperature of the energy storage medium of the ith temperature controldevice at the moment before the initial time.
 11. The user side loadresponse method according to claim 10, wherein in condition thatswitching-on powers of all of temperature control loads are the same, anactual dispatchable capacity D(t) of the temperature control load iscalculated by the following formulas: $\begin{matrix}{{{D(t)} = {\frac{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < 1} \right\rbrack}{3} + {\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{\infty}\;{\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < {{2k} + 1}} \right\rbrack}} - {\Pr\left\lbrack {{x(t)} < {2k}} \right\rbrack}}};} & (5)\end{matrix}$ wherein Pr[⋅] is a probability operator indicating aprobability value of satisfying [⋅], k is a positive integer, and x(t)represents a set of the mapping quantity x_(i) (t) of the temperaturecontrol device.
 12. The user side load response method according toclaim 11, wherein in condition that output power P and equivalentthermal resistances R of all the temperature control loads are the same,the equivalent thermal capacity C follows a logarithmic normaldistribution and has In(C)˜N(μ_(C),σ_(C)), the actual dispatchablecapacity D(t) of the temperature control load can be approximativelyestimated as: in condition that $\begin{matrix}{\mspace{76mu}{{\sigma_{ref} = \frac{\sigma_{C}}{\mu_{C}}},}} & \; \\{{{D(t)} \approx {\frac{1}{6} + {\frac{1}{6}{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(1)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}(t)}} \right.}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}} + {\frac{1}{2} \times {\sum\limits_{j = 2}^{\infty}\;{\left( {- 1} \right)^{j + 1}{{erf}\left\lbrack \frac{{{In}(j)} - {{In}\left( {{\mu_{x}(0)} + {\mu_{v}t}} \right)}}{\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}} \right\rbrack}}}}}};} & (6)\end{matrix}$ wherein erf[⋅] is a gauss error function, and μ_(x)(t) isan average value of the mapping quantity x of the temperature controldevice at the time point t, σ_(ref) is a ratio of a variance to amathematical expectation, and μ_(C) is a mathematical expectation ofcapacitance distribution, σ_(C) represents a variance of capacitancedistribution, μ_(x)(0) is an average value of the mapping quantity x ofthe temperature control device at the initial time, μ_(v) represents amathematical expectation of a temperature change speed, and j is apositive integer.
 13. The user side load response method according toclaim 12, wherein R, P and C follow the logarithmic normal distribution,a state switching period time T of the temperature control load relaysatisfies T≈2/μ_(v), a largest amplitude A(t) of D(t) decays with timeand has; 1−erf (1/z(t))≤A(t)≤erf(1/z(t), wherein z(t)=2√{square rootover (2)}σ_(ref)(μ_(x)(0)+μ_(v)t−½), and the actual dispatchablecapacity D(t) of the temperature control load is expressed as follows:D(t)=D _(SS)(θ_(ref))+L ⁻¹ {G _(P)(s)0.5/s}  (7); wherein L⁻¹{⋅}represents an inverse Laplace transform, and G_(P)(s) is a transferfunction of a second-order linear time-invariant system, $\begin{matrix}{{G_{p}(s)} = \frac{{b_{2}s^{2}} + {b_{1}s} + b_{0}}{s^{2} + {2{\xi\omega}_{n}s} + \omega_{n}^{2}}} & (8) \\{{\xi = \frac{\ln(r)}{\sqrt{\pi^{2} + {\ln^{2}(r)}}}};} & (9) \\{{\omega_{n} = \frac{{\pi\mu}_{v}}{\sqrt{1 - \xi^{2}}}};} & (10) \\{{b_{0} = \frac{\omega_{n}^{2}\left( {{D_{SS}\left( {\theta_{ref} + 0.5} \right)} - {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}} \right)}{0.5}};} & (11) \\{{b_{1} = {{0.5\mu_{v}} + {2{D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}{\xi\omega}_{n}}}};} & (12) \\{{b_{2} = {D_{SS}\left( \theta_{ref} \right)}};} & (13) \\{{r = \frac{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9 + {2\sqrt{2}\sigma_{ref}}} \right)} - 0.5}}{{{{erf}\left( \frac{1}{0.9} \right)} - 0.5}}};} & (14) \\{{{D_{SS}(\theta)} = \left( {1 + \frac{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{\theta_{a} - \theta - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}{\log\left( {1 + \frac{H}{{PR} + \theta - \theta_{a} - {H\text{/}2}}} \right)}} \right)^{- 1}};} & (15)\end{matrix}$ wherein s is a complex variable, and b₀, b₁ and b₂ arecoefficients of the complex variable; ξ represents a frequency domaintransformation coefficient, ω_(n) represents a frequency domainindependent variable, D_(SS)(θ) represents a dispatchable capacity ofthe temperature control load group when a temperature setting value θ isstable, θ_(ref) represents a temperature setting value, H represents atemperature control interval and has H=θ₊−θ⁻, and θ represents atemperature value.
 14. The user side load response method according toclaim 13, wherein the calculating, by the load aggregator, a temperaturechange quantity u(t) of a temperature control device at the time point tcomprise: calculating an actual dispatchable capacity D(t) of thetemperature control device at the time point t according to a formula(6) or a formula (7), obtaining a controlled temperature setting valueof the temperature control load θ_(ref) corresponding to the expecteddispatchable capacity D_(ref)(t) and a to-be-controlled temperaturevalue θ_(t) ⁻ of the temperature control load corresponding to theactual dispatchable capacity D(t) according to the expected dispatchablecapacity D_(ref)(t) and the actual dispatchable capacity D(t) and by useof formulas (8-15) and by performing a Laplace transformation, andcalculating the temperature change quantity u(t) of the temperaturecontrol device at the time point t through θ_(ref)−θ_(t) ⁻ .